This is volume 2 of a three-part comprehensive history of Mauritius from prehistory to present times. Author Sydney Selvon, has added in this 2nd edition a history of private enterprise in Mauritius throughout the centuries and recalls the major role of private enterprise in the famous Mauritius Economic Miracle in the 1970s, another one that started with the radical 1982-83 budgetary reform and the formidable success of the setting up of a financial centre and the Ebene Cybercity during the first five years of the 21st century, from 2000 to 2005, a boost to IT industries and job creation. The 20th century started with major environmental concerns for the small island-nation of about 1.26 million people and in 2017, the economy of the country was beset by major deficits, corruption, drug trafficking and other evils, although the country had reached the status of an upper middle income country according to the World Bank from the turn of the 20th century.