curtis machida and a panel of expert investigators present a comprehensive collection of modern molecular methods for analyzing adrenergic receptors and corresponding second messenger systems. these proven and readily reproducible techniques utilize genetic, rna, protein expression, transactivator, and second messenger methodologies, as well as immunocytochemical, electrophysiological, transgenic, and in situ hybridization approaches. each of the experts writing here details the use of their chosen method in examining the adrenergic receptor system, using aspects of the genetic flow of information as a guide: dna rna transactivator protein expression second messenger analyses cellular analyses transgenic whole animal approaches. comprehensive and rich in practical detail, adrenergic receptor protocols provides the first collection of readily reproducible methods for the study of these important regulators of cns-mediated behavior and neural functions.