In the chapter "Overview on Electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles " discusses in detail the basics of electric and hybrid vehicles. A brief history of the EVs followed by a detailed review of the existing technology in the field of EVs and the hybrid vehicle has been presented in chronological order. The chapters incorporate the technological advancements in various drivetrain configurations of a hybrid vehicle, AC and DC motors used in EVs, traction control strategies, and torque coupling techniques.In the chapter titled "Design of Electric Vehicle", various steps involved in the designing of the vehicle have been presented. A backward approach i.e., the power flow starting from the power source and successively moving towards the wheels going through transmission and torque conversion has been presented in detail. The vehicle dynamics, structure, and key design techniques are taken into consideration while designing the vehicle that has been presented in this chapter.In the chapter titled "Traction control based on passenger occupancy status", a comprehensive study on the effect of passenger occupancy on vehicle dynamics has been presented. Along with this, simulation, analysis, and the application of the passenger occupancy model in a lightweight vehicle have been presented with real-time on-road results.In the chapter, titled "Design and analysis of an electronic differential for torque vectoring in an independently rear-wheel driven electric vehicle using multiple-frequency control", the prior art in the field of electronic differential has been discussed. Along with this, the concept of multiple frequency-controlled electronic differentials has been put forward. The design parameters and details have been presented along with the real-time on-road results obtained during the assessment of the differential. In the chapter titled "Design and development of Electro-Mechanical Hybrid Differential (EMHD) for traction control in electric and hybrid vehicles", a novel design of hybrid differential has been proposed. The chapter presents the motivation behind the EMHD, conceptualization, and modeling of the EMHD, and design of the EMHD. The chapter also includes various simulation situations considered for the assessment of the EMHD model in the simulation environment. The steps involved in the designing of the EMHD, along with the know-how and design details have been presented.Finally, the chapter titled "Conclusions" presents the summary of the Ph.D. work and some important results. Along with this, the contribution of the work in the field of e-mobility and the future scope has been presented.