Lewontin is undoubtedly one of the most distinguished evolutionary biologists of our time. He has contributed to science not only by his own work on evolutionary theory and molecular variation and by his influence on the many young scientists who have worked with him, but also by asking us to think about the relationships between the science we do and the world we do it in. This collection of essays is produced in honor of Lewontin's 65th birthday. This unique volume offers comprehensive coverage of modern evolutionary genetics from molecules to morphology by a group of star authors, including his students and colleagues. Sciences in general, and the life sciences in particular, need their own critic, and Lewontin has been an untiring critic of science and its relevance to society. This volume brings out the central role of evolutionary genetics in all aspects of its connection to evolutionary biology and is a must for all graduate students and researchers in evolutionary biology.