a collection of readily reproducible experimental and clinical techniques for studying the molecular basis of hemoglobin disorders. these step-by-step methods utilize a wide variety of the latest analytical techniques, including x-ray crystallography, high performance liquid chromatography, electrophoresis, and nuclear magnetic resonance. additional methods are offered for prenatal diagnostic analysis, the dna diagnosis of hemoglobin mutations, hemoglobin fluorescence, and the semisynthesis of hemoglobin.