The richness of the species and the abundance of the world’s oceans and seas are referred to as marine biodiversity. It is important to study and preserve the marine biodiversity because like other resources of earth, marine resources too are facing the threat of extinction. For all readers who are interested in marine biodiversity, the case studies included in the book will serve as an excellent guide to develop a comprehensive understanding. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in this field. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on marine biodiversity have been included in this book. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.