Analyzing the new directions that subdisciplines of economics have taken in the face of modern economic challenges, these essays represent invention and discovery in the areas of information, macroeconomics and public policies, international trade and development, finance, business, contracts, law, gaming, and government. They offer not only a wealth of factual information on the current state of the economy, but also theoretical and empirical innovations that conceptualize reality and values in different ways from their predecessors.