Hematology is concerned with the treatment of diseases that affect blood production and its components. Some of these components include blood proteins, bone marrow, blood vessels, spleen, blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, etc. Hematology is a distinct branch of medicine but sometimes it may overlap with oncology. A hematologist is a physician who specializes in hematology. Hematologists are concerned with the care and treatment of patients with blood disorders such as hematological malignancies, coagulopathies, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, etc. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about hematology. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, this book targets students and professionals.