Oral epithelial dysplasias are potentially malignant disorders characterized by varying degree of cellular atypia. The accurate diagnosis and treatment of epithelial dysplasia is an important factor which can decrease the number of cases of carcinoma developing from potentially malignant disorder. It can also help to achieve better survival rates in patients prone to carcinoma and in improving the current rate of prognosis of oral cancer cure rates. An effort is being made now a days by using molecular and genetic markers which can help in early detection of lesion that are at great risk of malignant transformation.