Muses and editors, saviors and publishers: the women behind the greatest works in Russian literature.A Wall Street Journal Best Book of the Year Many readers are aware that writers such as Fitzgerald, Joyce, and Lawrence used their marriages for literary inspiration. In Russian literary marriages these women did not resent taking a secondary position, although to call their position secondary underscores the vital role these women played in the creation of some of the greatest literary works in history. From Sofia Tolstoy to Vera Nabokov and Elena Mandelshtam and Natalya Solzhenitsyn, these women ranged from stenographers and typists to editors, researchers, translators, and even publishers. Living under restrictive regimes, many of these women battled censorship and preserved the writers’ illicit archives, often risking their own lives to do so. They established a tradition all their own, unmatched in the West.